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Christian lesbians --- Taylor, Jacqueline, --- Lesbian Christians --- Lesbians

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"Studies in the Middle East" is a one-year programme at the Near East School of Theology in Beirut (NEST). In honour of its 20th anniversary, academics and teachers from the NEST and from Germany met at Georg-August University in Göttingen and in the nearby Coptic Orthodox Monastery in Höxter-Brenkhausen to discuss the current situation in the Middle East and possible ways to initiate a spiritual new beginning in this crisis and war-ridden region. The present volume offers various contributions that were made on the subject.

Christianity --- Christians --- Middle East --- Middle East. --- Religion --- christian life --- NEST

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In Architecture and Asceticism Loosley Leeming presents the first interdisciplinary exploration of Late Antique Syrian-Georgian relations available in English. The author takes an inter-disciplinary approach and examines the question from archaeological, art historical, historical, literary and theological viewpoints to try and explore the relationship as thoroughly as possible. Taking the Georgian belief that ‘Thirteen Syrian Fathers’ introduced monasticism to the country in the sixth century as a starting point, this volume explores the evidence for trade, cultural and religious relations between Syria and the Kingdom of Kartli (what is now eastern Georgia) between the fourth and seventh centuries CE. It considers whether there is any evidence to support the medieval texts and tries to place this posited relationship within a wider regional context.

Christianity. --- Church architecture --- Church architecture. --- Church history. --- Syriac Christians --- Syriac Christians. --- Orthodox Eastern Church --- Orthodox Eastern Church. --- History. --- Georgia (Republic). --- Syria. --- Christianity --- History --- Georgia (Republic) --- Ecclesiastical architecture --- Rood-lofts --- Christian art and symbolism --- Religious architecture --- Architecture, Gothic --- Church buildings --- Syrian Christians --- Christians --- Syriac Christians - Georgia (Republic) --- Christianity - Georgia (Republic) - History --- Christianity - Syria - History --- Church architecture - Syria --- Church architecture - Georgia (Republic) --- Archaeology by period / region

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The first monograph devoted to the legal status of religious minorities status accorded to dimmī-s ( Jews and Christians) in the Muslim law in the medieval Muslim west (the Maghreb and Muslim Spain). The articles in this volume provide numerous examples of the richness and complexity of interreligious relations in Medieval Islam and the reactions of jurists to those relations. The studies brought together in this volume provide an important contribution to the history of ḏimmī-s in the medieval dār al-islām, and more generally to the legal history of religious minorities in medieval societies. The central question addressed is the legal status accorded to ḏimmī-s (Jews and Christians) in the Muslim law in the medieval Muslim west (the Maghreb and Muslim Spain). The scholars whose work is brought together in these pages have dealt with a rich and complex variety of legal sources. Many of the texts are from the Mālikī legal tradition; they include fiqh, fatwā-s, ḥisba manuals. These texts function as the building blocks of the legal framework in which jurists and rulers of Maghrebi and Peninsular societies worked. The very richness and complexity of these texts, as well as the variety of responses that they solicited, refute the textbook idea of a monolithic ḏimmī system, supposedly based on the Pact of ‘Umar, applied throughout the Muslim world. In fact when one looks closely at the early legal texts or chronicles from both the Mashreq and the Maghreb, there is little evidence for a standard, uniform ḏimmī system, but rather a wide variety of local adaptations. The articles in this volume provide numerous examples of the richness and complexity of interreligious relations in Medieval Islam and the reactions of jurists to those relations.

History of religion --- religious minorities --- jews --- christians --- legal status --- Al-Andalus --- Brepols --- Islam --- Muslims

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Vordringliches Anliegen dieser Arbeit ist es, die in der "Literaturnaja gazeta" in der Zeit von 1964 bis 1978 veröffentlichen Beiträge zu Sprachfragen, die über dreizehn Jahrgangsbände verteilt sind, weiteren Forschungen zugänglich zu machen. Diesem Zweck dient allein die vollständige Dokumentation der Beiträge (Teil III), sondern auch eine erste Auswertung des sehr umfangreichen und thematisch äußerst vielseitigen Materials, für die sich zwei Fragestellungen anboten: 1. Welche Rolle spielt die Sprachrubrik in der "Literaturnaja gazeta" als Massenmedium in der praktischen sprachpolitischen Arbeit des Institut russkogo jazyka? 2. Wie reagiert der Sprachbenutzer auf solche sprachlenkenden Maßnahmen?

1964 --- 1978 --- Christians --- gazeta --- Geschichte --- Linguistik --- Literaturnaja --- Philologie --- Russland --- Sprachrubrik --- Sprachwissenschaft